ante diem iii kalendas octobres 106 B.C. — birth of Gnaeus Pompeius 61 B.C. — Pompey celebrates his third triumph in recognition of his victories in the third Mithridatic War 48 B.C. — Pompeius Magnus, in the wake of his defeat at Pharsalus, is murdered as he steps ashore in Egypt (another possible date) 290 [...]

ante diem x kalendas octobres Mercatus — the Romans continue the shopping spree 479 B.C. — the Persian general Mardonius is killed in the Battle of Plataea (source? … seems a little late) 36 B.C. — the triumvir Marcus Aemilius Lepidus agrees to retire after losing all his military support to Octavian 19 B.C. — [...]

ante diem xviii kalendas octobres ludi Romani (day 10 ) equorum probatio — the official cavalry parade of the equites (in conjunction with the above) 23 A.D. — death of Nero Claudius Drusus (Drusus the Younger), son of the emperor Tiberius and Vipsania Agrippina 81 A.D. — official dies imperii of Domitian (recognition by the [...]

ante diem vi idus septembres ludi Romani (day 4) ca 15 B.C. — traditional date of the birth of Mary, mother of Jesus  

ante diem vii idus septembres ludi Romani (day 3) 15 A.D. — possible birthdate of the future emperor Vitellius (?) 70 A.D. — Roman forces under Titus occupy and plunder Jerusalem (one reckoning) 304 A.D. — martyrdom of Anastasius the Fuller

ante diem viii idus septembres ludi Romani (day 2) 81 A.D. — martyrdom of Onesiphorus 250 A.D. — martyrdom of Faustus in Alexandria 1956 — death of Michael Ventris, who deciphered Linear B (the ancient script used by the Myceneans)  

nonae septembres ludi Romani (day 1) 146 B.C. — dedication of the Temple of Jupiter Stator and associated rites thereafter c. 180 — martyrdom of Herculanus 1908 — birth of Arnaldo Momigliano

ante diem iv nonas septembres 31 B.C. — Octavian defeats Marcus Antonius and Cleopatra at Actium 490 B.C. — Pheidippides runs to Sparta for help against Persians at Marathon (one traditional date)

pridie kalendas septembres 12 A.D. — birth of the future emperor Gaius (Caligula) at Antium 40 A.D. — Gaius (Caligula) celebrates an ovatio after his attempted military campaigns in Gaul and Britain 161 A.D. — birth of the future emperor Commodus (and his twin, Titus Aurelius Fulvus Antoninus)  

ante diem xvi kalendas septembres Portunalia — a festival in honour of the Roman god of harbours rites in honour of Janus at the Theatre of Marcellus ca 250 A.D. — martyrdom of Myron ca 270 A.D. — martyrdom of Paul and Juliana

ante diem xviii kalendas septembres 29 B.C. — triple triumph of Octavian (day 3)

ante diem iv idus sextiles 30 B.C. — Suicide of Cleopatra 7 A.D. — dedication of the ara Cereris Matris et Opis Augustae and associated rites thereafter 70 A.D. — Roman forces breach the walls of Jerusalem 1911 — birth of A.N. Sherwin-White (The Roman Citizenship)

ante diem v idus sextiles rites in honour of Sol Indiges on the Quirinal Hill 480 B.C. — Spartan forces under Leonidas fight a suicidal delaying action against Persian forces at Thermopylae (by one reckoning) 48 B.C. — The forces of Julius Caesar defeat Pompeius Magnus at Pharsalus 117 A.D. — official announcement that Trajan [...]

ante diem iii nonas sextilis supplicia canum — a ritual which was the ‘fallout’ from the story of the geese saving Rome from the Gauls; as punishment to the ‘watchdogs’ who didn’t bark, every year the Romans would crucify a dog 8 A.D. — victory of the future emperor Tiberius at Illyricum 178 A.D. — [...]

ante diem iv nonas sextilias 338 B.C. — Death of Archidamus III (King of Sparta) 216 B.C. — Hannibal inflicts a massive defeat on Roman forces at Cannae (possible date) 86 B.C. — Sulla defeats Mithridates at Chaeronea (possible date) 49 B.C. — Julius Caesar defeats Afranius and Petreius (legates of Pompey) at Ilerda 47 [...]

ante diem vii kalendas sextilias ludi Victoriae Caesaris (day 7) 64 A.D. — the Great Fire of Rome continues (day 9) 110 A.D. — martyrdom of Hyacinthus 1893 — birth of E.R. Dodds (The Greeks and the Irrational)  

ante diem viii kalendas sextilias Furrinalia — a festival in honour of an obscure Roman deity named Furrina, who appears to have been assiociated with a grove and/or spring ludi Victoriae Caesaris (day 6) 44 A.D. — marytrdom of James the Greater 64 A.D. — the Great Fire of Rome (day 8) 306 A.D. — [...]

ante diem xii kalendas sextilias Lucaria (day 2) — the followup to a similar festival on the 19th commemorating the Sack of Rome by the Gauls; this day marked Rome’s subsquent victory ludi Victoriae Caesaris (day 2) — games instituted by/adjusted by Octavian to honour his adoptive father shortly after the latter’s death (possibly moving [...]

pridie idus quinctilias Mercatus — as often, a lengthy festival was followed by a few market days 218 A.D. — the emperor Elagabalus is coopted into all the priestly colleges  

ante diem iv idus quintilias ludi Apollinares (day 7) — games instituted in 212 B.C. after consulting the Sybilline books during a particularly bad stretch in the Punic Wars; four years later they became an annual festival in honour of Apollo 100 B.C. (?) — birth of G. Julius Caesar 67 A.D. — martyrdom of [...]