This Day in Ancient History: ante diem xviii kalendas maias

ante diem xviii kalendas maias

  • ludi Cereri continue (day 3) — games in honour of the grain goddess Ceres, instituted by/before 202 B.C.
  • 69 A.D. — first battle at Bedriacum; the forces of emperor wannabe Vitellius eventually would defeat the forces of emperor wannabe Otho
  • 73 A.D. — mass suicide at Masada (?)
  • 195 A.D. — Julia Domna, wife of the emperor Septimius Severus, is given the title mater castrorum (“mother of the camp”)

Seen in Passing: Tragic Soaps?

The incipit of a radio column in the Scotsman:

Is Dot Branning a one-woman Greek chorus? Might Sophocles, not averse to a goblet of wine or two, have drawn inspiration at the bar of the Queen Vic? In OedipusEnders, comedian and self-confessed closet classicist Natalie Haynes discovers that ancient Greek tragedy and TV soap operas have more in common than might meet the eye. She meets soap scriptwriters and academics to consider this unlikely sounding thesis. Both genres, she argues, tend to focus on families under pressure, both make it their business to confront audiences with social taboos – and both, she adds, seek to attract large audiences. Talking to the likes of John Yorke – current head of BBC Drama and a former executive producer of EastEnders – and other writers and producers involved in Brookside and The Bill, she is assured that the spirits of Sophocles and Aeschylus hover around soap script conferences more frequently than you might imagine.

Not everyone agrees, however, and Barrie Rutter, artistic director of Northern Broadsides Theatre Company, currently touring with Euripides’s Medea, reckons that any perceived link between the two genres is rather spurious …

via Radio listener – The Scotsman.

Hannibal’s Crossing

I suspect/hope we’ll be getting more coverage on this one … an excerpt from the Times (tip o’ the pileus to Diana Wright):

Argument still rages over where the Alpine crossing took place. While there is general agreement that Hannibal moved up the Rhône from Avignon almost to Valence, from there onwards every valley and pass has had a case made for it being the route across the mountains into the plain of the Po near Turin. In 1959 an elephant called Jumbo was taken over the Col du Clapier by the British Alpine Hannibal Expedition to prove the route’s feasibility. This adventure was immortalised in John Hoyte’s book, Trunk Road for Hannibal. In 1988 the cricketer Ian Botham did the same thing, but with three elephants, in aid of leukaemia charities.

From the Col du Mont Cenis in the north to the Col Agnel 35 miles 60km almost due south of it three approach routes have been argued for. In the most recent study, Dr William Mahaney, a geomorphologist, and his colleagues have looked at the evidence from Classical sources.

“As documented by Polybius and Livy in the ancient literature, Hannibal’s army was blocked by a two-tier rockfall on the lee side of the Alps, a rubble sheet of considerable volume,” they note in the journal Archaeometry. “The only such two-tier landform lies below the Col de la Traversette, 2,600 metres above sea level, a rubble sheet with sufficient volume to block the Carthaginian army.

“The character of the rockfall can best be seen from the sides or below, where a thin cover mass lies atop a much larger and more substantial rubble mass,” they say. “The trail cuts across a steep bedrock slope laced with a two-tier combination of rockfall and slide, just as Polybius described more than 2,150 years ago.” The trail has been shored up with ballast one to two metres thick, and Dr Mahaney’s team believes that artefact evidence may survive: “The three-day struggle to forge a path through the rockfall must surely have resulted in the abandonment or loss of implements used by Hannibal’s troops to prepare a path with sufficient ballast to support the passage of the baggage train, horses and elephants.”

Hannibal is said by Livy to have ordered timber to be cut and laced around the blocking rocks and then set alight. When a high temperature was reached, sour wine was thrown on to the hot rocks, splitting and spalling many of the large stones and allowing Hannibal’s engineers to remove them.

Dr Mahaney’s studies, in a book, Hannibal’s Odyssey, suggest that the tree line would have been higher in ancient times, so that timber would have been available; the area today is treeless. So far, however, there is no evidence of fire-shattered rock on the Col de la Traversette, although otherwise it fits the ancient descriptions. The site is the only area where rockfall and rockslides blocked part of an existing road, and where they can be plausibly dated to the right period. In most respects, “this location meets the criteria outlined by Livy and Polybius,” the team concludes.

The Times also gives a source for the original article in Archaeometry which (o joy of joys) happens to be a freebie :

THE TRAVERSETTE (ITALIA) ROCKFALL: GEOMORPHOLOGICAL INDICATOR OF THE HANNIBALIC INVASION ROUTE* (p 156-172)
W. C. MAHANEY, B. KAPRAN, V. KALM, P. TRICART, C. CARCAILLET, O. BLARQUEZ, M. W. MILNER, R. W. BARENDREGT, P. SOMELAR

PDF HTML

Of course, the debate will rage on …

Holy Anachronism Batman!

This must have been zombie Thucydides:

In some animals, however, there seems to be a genuine ability to sense the changes that occur before earthquakes.Perhaps the first person to record this was the Greek historian Thucydides, in 373 B.C. Days before a massive earthquake hit the city of Helice, he says all manner of animals streamed out. Dogs, rats and weasels, they ran for the hills. Snakes sensed the coming catastrophe too, and they slithered for the highlands.

via Italian toads fuel case for animals’ seismic sense | The Japan Times Online.

Caryatid (hair)Stylings

From a press release:

A DVD is now available that documents the Caryatid Hairstyling Project, directed by Dr. Katherine Schwab, associate professor of art history at Fairfield University, to show if the elaborate female coiffures seen among the Erechtheion marble Caryatids, or maidens, at the Acropolis Museum in Athens could actually be replicated on women today. The 15-minute, fast-paced DVD follows six female students as their long hair is twisted and curled in intricate patterns ( which in real time took hours ) and records their reactions as they are transformed in appearance from modern 21st century women to elegant young women of ancient Greece. Produced by Christopher McGloin and Daniel Kole of the Media Center, with music arranged by Dr. Laura Nash, Program Director of Music, the DVD was funded by a grant from the University’s Faculty Research Committee and the Classical Studies Program. A webpage about the project includes a clip and online purchase of the DVD at http://www.fairfield.edu/caryatid.

Dr. Schwab, who has a long-standing association with the Acropolis Museum, frequently travels to Athens to pursue her research on the Parthenon east and north metopes. After seeing photographs of the Caryatids in an exhibition, The Creative Photograph in Archaeology, organized by the Benaki Museum and hosted by Fairfield University, Dr. Schwab became increasingly curious about the beautifully carved hair of the Caryatids. The result of her investigations is this project and DVD. Crucial to her research on the Caryatid hairstyles, she said, were the important photographs by Goesta Hellner in the archives of the German Archaeological Institute at Athens and the Alison Frantz Photographic Collection at the American School of Classical Studies at Athens ( ASCSA ). Dr. Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan, Head Archivist at the ASCSA, remarked that the “archaeologist Alison Frantz ( 1903-1995 ) served as the staff photographer of the Athenian Agora Excavations from 1933 to 1968. Her valuable collection of about 3,000 black and white negatives ( 4×5 inches ) has been used to illustrate several famous publications on ancient Greek art.”

Student participants, who consisted of five art history majors and one psychology major, were selected for the project on the basis of the length and thickness of their hair. The hairstylist Milexy Torres, who was able to accurately recapture the intricate twists and braids of the caryatids on the models, concluded that the Athenian coiffures were true to life.

The students participated out of curiosity, but some said they felt particularly enthralled by ancient Athenian culture by the time the project was completed. Sophomore art history major Amber Nowak, who served as one of the student models, said the project helped her feel surprisingly connected. “It no longer seemed like some point in ancient history,” she said. Junior art history major and student model Caitlin Parker observed, “above all, participating in the Caryatid Hairstyling Project reinforced how fortunate, expansive and really unlimited the discipline of Art History is.”

Dr. Schwab has sent copies of the DVD to colleagues at the new Acropolis Museum, where five of the original caryatids are displayed, and the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities at the British Museum, where the sixth caryatid resides. At Fairfield University it will be used in art history and classical studies classes, and it can be shown to visiting school groups in the smart classroom adjacent to the Bellarmine Museum, due to open later this year.

Last summer Dr. Schwab was in Athens for the opening of the new Acropolis Museum where twenty-six digital scans of her original research drawings of the Parthenon east and north metopes became part of the permanent installation in the Parthenon Gallery.

via Documentary now available of ancient Caryatid hairstyles being brought to life.

In case the link up there doesn’t go through:

Art History – The Caryatid Hairstyling Project

Here’s an example of one of the hairstyles: