ante diem vii idus januarias

• 43 B.C. — dies imperii (officially) of Octavian
• ?? A.D. — the future emperor Tiberius becomes one of the VIIvir epulonum

ante diem viii idus januarias

1822 — birth of Heinrich Schliemann (excavator of Troy, Mycenae)

nonae januariae

• ludi compitales — day three of a moveable festival which might occur anytime between Saturnalia and January 5. It was largely a rural occasion involving woollen dolls being made to represent each free member of the household (simple woollen balls would be used to represent slaves) being hung up on the eve of the festival, presumably as offerings to the Lares. There would also follow more formal sacrifices at the compita (places where two farm paths crossed).
• 1906 — birth of Kathleen Kenyon (excavatrix of Jericho)